Keynes challenges the idea that free markets, left alone, naturally lead to the best outcomes for society. He argues that the belief in ‘natural liberty’ and the invisible hand of self interest in more myth than reality. Instead, he says governments have a vital role, not just in fixing problems, but in actively shaping economic life. Keynes does not call for total state control, but for smart, targeted intervention where markets fall short. He also highlights how large institutions often evolve into semi-public bodies, prioritising stability over profit. His core message: we need to rethink what the state should do, not based on old dogmas, but on what actually improves people’s lives.