In Mutualism, Sara Horowitz argues that the future of a resilient, equitable economy lies in reviving mutualist institutions-member-run organizations like cooperatives, unions, mutual aid societies, and benefit trusts. She traces their historic role in providing essential support for working people in the U.S., especially during periods of economic instability or industrial transition. Drawing on her experience founding the Freelancers Union, Horowitz shows how mutualist models have successfully addressed gaps left by both the market and the state, especially for workers in precarious or independent roles. She emphasizes that mutualism is neither purely capitalist nor socialist-it’s a pragmatic, community-based solution grounded in democratic participation, solidarity, and long-term thinking.
Horowitz proposes rebuilding mutualist infrastructure to respond to 21st-century challenges: economic inequality, automation, climate change, and the erosion of traditional employment. This means designing institutions that are locally rooted, adaptable, and responsive to the real needs of workers and communities-not extractive or dependent on philanthropy or centralized bureaucracy. She advocates for a “mutualist mindset” that prioritizes relationships, shared purpose, and stewardship over short-term efficiency or growth. In doing so, Mutualism offers both a critique of current systems and a hopeful blueprint for creating an economy centered on dignity, reciprocity, and collective care.