Benjamin Friedman’s The Moral Consequences of Growth explores the crucial link between economic growth and the social and political health of societies. He argues that sustained economic growth fosters social progress, tolerance and political stability, while periods of stagnation often lead to inequality, exclusion and rising political extremism. Friedman draws on historical examples showing how expanding prosperity has enabled advances in education, civil rights and welfare provision, thereby strengthening democratic institutions. Conversely, economic decline has frequently been accompanied by social unrest and authoritarianism. However, Friedman stresses that growth alone is insufficient; its benefits must be broadly shared to support social cohesion and fairness. The book blends economic analysis with ethical considerations, framing growth not just as a financial goal but as a moral imperative essential for a just and inclusive society. Ultimately, Friedman’s work offers a compelling case for pursuing inclusive economic policies to maintain healthy democracies.